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James Henry Hawley (January 17, 1847 – August 3, 1929) was an attorney and politician from Idaho. He was state's ninth Governor from 1911 to 1913, and the mayor of Boise from 1903 to 1905. He also acted as prosecutor or defense attorney for a substantial number of criminal cases. Outside of criminal law, he specialized in irrigation and mining cases. ==Early life== Born in Dubuque, Iowa, Hawley's mother died when he was an infant. Two years later, his father followed the gold rush to California, then moved to Texas in 1856.〔James H. Hawley, ''History of Idaho : The Gem of the Mountains,'' The S. J. Clarke Publishing Company, Chicago (1920).〕 Thus, James grew up with the family of his uncle, James Carr.〔Edwin H. Peasley, ''Twelfth Biennial Report of the Board of Trustees of the State Historical Society of Idaho'', Boise (1930).〕 James' maternal Carr ancestors included a great-grandfather who was a major during the Revolutionary War, and a grandfather who was a captain in the War of 1812. His father served as a major in a Texas regiment of the Confederate Army.〔''An Illustrated History of the State of Idaho'', The Lewis Publishing Company, Chicago (1899).〕 At the start of the Civil War, James tried to join the Union Army as part of an Iowa Volunteer regiment. Rejected as far too young at age fourteen, he gave up the idea when his uncle relocated to California in the early summer of 1861.〔 Then his uncle headed for the newly discovered gold fields in northern Idaho. James was supposed to attend school in San Francisco, but instead he joined his uncle in Idaho, still a part of Washington Territory, during the spring of 1862. Traveling from Lewiston, the two followed the rush into the Florence Basin. Through luck or an acute weather sense, they chose to leave the area for Walla Walla, Washington before the depth of winter set in. According to reports of the time, the 1861-1862 season "proved to be one of the coldest in the history of Idaho." 〔M. Alfreda Elsensohn, Eugene F. Hoy (ed.), ''Pioneer Days in Idaho County,'' Caxton Printers, Caldwell, Idaho (1951).〕 While they waited in Walla Walla, word spread of major new gold discoveries in the Boise Basin, a mountainous area around Idaho City, northeast of present-day Boise. Drawn by the new finds, they moved to the Basin in the spring of 1863.〔 For several months, Hawley worked for wages at the Gold Hill Mine, near Quartzburg. With his savings from that, he bought a placer claim in the area and also searched for gold on other unclaimed land. During the winter of 1863-1864, he sold and distributed issues of the ''Boise News'', the first newspaper published in southern Idaho.〔Hiram Taylor French'', History of Idaho: A Narrative Account of Its Historical Progress, Its People and Its Principal Interests'', Lewis Publishing Co., Chicago (1914).〕 Hawley returned to San Francisco to attend City College there in 1865. He also began to read law at an attorney's office. He apparently completed the coursework he wanted by the spring of 1867. However, he then ran into some difficulty in San Francisco, the details of which "have not been preserved."〔John F. McClane, ''A Sagebrush Lawyer,'' Pandick Press, Inc., New York (1933).〕 According to one account, he ran away to sea and ended up in China, on the losing side of the Taiping Rebellion. Supposedly, he escaped death after being captured by government forces through the good offices of the British consul. In any case, Hawley returned to the Boise Basin in 1868, and again took up mining and prospecting. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「James H. Hawley」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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